Torticollis (Wry Neck in Babies)

Torticollis is a common condition where a baby holds their head tilted to one side and may prefer to look in one direction. It is usually caused by tightness in one of the neck muscles (the sternocleidomastoid). With early, gentle physiotherapy, the vast majority of babies make a full recovery.

Types of Torticollis

• Congenital muscular torticollis: Present from birth, often due to positioning in the womb or a tight neck muscle
• Acquired torticollis: Develops after birth, sometimes from a strong positional preference
• Postural torticollis: A habit of turning the head one way without significant muscle tightness

Signs and Symptoms

What Parents Often Notice

• Head consistently tilted toward one shoulder
• Strong preference to look in one direction
• Difficulty turning the head to one side
• A small, soft lump in the neck muscle (in some babies)
• Flattening of one side of the head (see plagiocephaly)
• Feeding more comfortably on one side

Why Early Treatment Matters

The neck muscles and head shape are most responsive in the first months of life. Early physiotherapy:

• Restores full neck movement faster
• Reduces the risk of head-shape flattening (plagiocephaly)
• Supports symmetrical motor development
• Avoids the need for more intensive treatment later

Assessment

Our paediatric physiotherapists complete a gentle, baby-friendly assessment:

• History: Pregnancy, birth, and when the tilt was first noticed
• Range of motion: Measuring neck rotation and side-bending
• Muscle examination: Checking for tightness or a muscle nodule
• Head shape: Screening for associated plagiocephaly
• Development check: Ensuring milestones are on track

Physiotherapy Treatment

Stretching Program

• Gentle, guided neck stretches taught to parents
• Techniques that are safe and comfortable for your baby
• Built into daily routines like nappy changes and play

Positioning and Play

• Encouraging your baby to turn toward the tighter side during play and feeding
• Tummy time to build neck and shoulder strength
• Arranging the cot, toys, and interaction to promote active turning

Strengthening

• Activities to balance muscle strength on both sides
• Supported sitting and head-control exercises

Parent Education

• A clear, simple home program
• Guidance on positioning during sleep, feeding, and carrying
• Progress monitoring and regular reassessment

Expected Outcomes

With early physiotherapy and consistent home exercises, most babies:

• Regain full, symmetrical neck movement
• Develop an even head shape
• Reach motor milestones normally
• Need only a short course of treatment

Persistent or severe cases may need longer treatment, and we will coordinate with your paediatrician if further investigation is required.